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Dengue Prevention
Typically Dengue preventive measures should cover these areas:
- Epidemiological surveys and larval control. Polls in the town to ascertain the population density of mosquito vectors, identify their farms (compared to Aedes aegypti usually includes natural or artificial containers in which is deposited for a long time in fresh water, near or inside homes, For example, old tires and other objects). The tires on disused water tanks, cemetery vases, flower pots are some of the most common habitats of the dengue mosquito.
- Promotion of preventive behavior by the population.
-Education about dengue and its prevention. Risk, susceptibility and severity of dengue, including bleeding. Description of the vector, activity schedules, scope, and so on.
Description of preventive measures.
- Elimination of larval breeding sites. Clear patios and roof of any potential breeding ground for maggots. For tanks is recommended to add small amounts of chlorine on water level. For tires simply empty them. Sand can be placed to prevent fluid buildup. Another solution is to guppy fish ( Poecilia reticulata ) in water, which eat the larvae.
-Use of physical barriers (use of screens on windows, fabrics to sleep)
-Use of insect repellents. Specify what and how they are used.
- Elimination of larval breeding sites by the public sector itself. Due to the lack of success in the adoption of these behaviors, the public sector usually end up doing.
- Risk Communication through mass media. It is essential to increase the perceived risk, perceived susceptibility and perceived value of the precautionary measures by the population that adopts them.
Dengue Controls
- Notification to the local health authority. Mandatory reporting of epidemics, but not individual cases, class 4.
- Isolation. Precautions for blood. Prevent access of mosquitoes of daytime activity to patients until fever subsides by placing a wire gauze or mosquito netting on windows and doors in the bedroom of the patient, a canopy of gauze around the patient's bed or spraying accommodation with an insecticide that is active against adult forms or have residual action, or by placing a net around the bed, preferably impregnated with insecticide.
- Concurrent disinfection. None.
- Quarantine. None.
- Immunization of contacts. None. If the dengue comes close to potential sources of jungle yellow fever , there will be to immunize the population against the latter, because the urban vector of the two diseases is the same.
- Investigation of contacts and source of infection
Site Identification of the patient's residence during the fortnight preceding the onset of the disease, and case finding unreported or undiagnosed.
Measures in case of epidemic
Search and destroy mosquito species in the home and eliminating breeding sites, larviciding "Abbe" (suppressor of growth of the larvae in the pupal stage in water) in all possible breeding sites of St. aegypti.
Use insect repellent (for the transmission does not occur). In addition there are several elements of destruction of larvae that cause dengue as insecticides or pesticides.
Impact on Disaster
The epidemics can be extensive, especially as a result of hurricanes, tropical storms or floods.
At the outbreak an epidemic of dengue in a community or a municipality, it is necessary to use vector control measures, particularly with the use of insecticides by spraying or low volume spraying of the product. This will reduce the number of adult mosquitoes of stopping the spread of dengue epidemics. During spraying, the members of the community should work together leaving open the doors and windows so that the insecticide into the houses and kill the mosquitoes that land on the inside.
